Notwithstanding the abundance of what to see and do in Bangkok, there are ancient destinations too proximate and too grand to ignore, such as Nakhom Pathom, which is merely 56 kilometers west of Bangkok or an hour away by bus. A journey to this oldest city in Thailand is an opportunity to get amazed by the 127-meter Phra Pathom Chedi, the world’s tallest Buddhist monument.
Ayutthaya is another worthy catch.Only 80 kilometers north or two hours away by bus, a day stroll along the ruins of this golden city can give you glimpse of how illustrious this city once was. For over 400 years, it was once the country’s capital, starting in 1351 when King Ramathibodi I founded the kingdom of Ayutthaya in an island in the middle of Chao Phraya, and ending in 1767 when it was sacked by the Burmese.
At the zenith of its glory days, Ayutthaya was the most fabulous city in the orient. A series of magnificent palaces, gilded Buddhist temples and pagodas, and towering Buddha statues were placed all over the kingdom. Hundreds of thousands of people lived and worshipped within its protected sphere. After more than 200 years since it was abandoned, and after its structures were exposed to unforgiving elements of nature and endless pillaging of dastardly humans, the ruins of these great artistic and engineering feats are now the only mute witnesses to remind humanity that there once was, in the early dawn of civilization, a kingdom so strong and powerful, and a community of rulers and people so devoted to a faith.
In Ayutthaya, you must visit Wat Maha That (Temple of the Great Relic) built between 1374 and 1395. It has a sitting Buddha with his hands in the bhumisparsha, or “calling the earth to witness” position. Wat Thammikkarat (Temple of the Pious Monarch) and its stone lions; Wat Rarburana (Temple of the Royal Restoration); the huge reclining buddha of the Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon (Temple of the Great Victory); the three stupas of Wat Phra Si Sanphet, where remains of King Ramathibodhi II and some of his family members are interred; and the large Buddha statue of Wat Monkhon Bophit (Tempple of Auspicious Kings) are other must-visits.
Heading overland to the northernmost part of Thailand, where the ancient Thai kingdom first developed, the endless verdant and rugged expanse is broken occasionally by bucolic towns with traces and remnants of the ancient realms of Sukhothai and Lan Na, of which the gilded spires of their Theravada Buddhist temples never fail to fascinate. The window view from the 12-hour bus ride from Bangkok to Chiang Mai affords so much insight on how passionate rulers of these empires were, especially Ramkhamhaeng, in spreading their faith and expanding their cultures.
Getting across exhilarating valleys traversed by the broad Mae Ping River, the hiatuses present the passage through mountain ranges are sloping on a north-south direction. The ranges, though covered by thorn forests and woodlands, are essentially made of granite and limestone. Highlighting them are the high peaks of Doi Pha Muang, Doi Khuntan and Doi Inthanon-Thailand’s tallest mountain at 2595 meters. Then at last, right at the foot of another majestic mountain. The 1676-meter Doi Suthep-there looms Chiang Mai.
Chiang Mai is one of the country’s oldest, largest and richest cities. It is the main transport hub and railroad terminus in the north. It is known for its traditional lacquer crafts, silverware, handicrafts and pottery. But what make it famous world-wide are the ruins of its glorious pasts. Founded by King Mengrai as capital and religious center of the Lan Na Thai kingdom in 1296, Chiang Mai has more than 300 temples closely scattered on the moat-protected old city and its periphery, on the western banks of the Mae Ping River, and on the mountain slopes. Adding some palaces, other antiquated structures, and a number of museums, the entire city is one huge heritage zone.
Among the numerous temples found inside the city’s walled section, wo temples are stand-outs in their own rights and are no to be missed by visitors: the Wat Chiang Man, a temple as old as the city itself and the possessor of two celebrated Buddha images- Buddha Sila and the crystal Buddha; and Wat Phra image of Phra Phutthasihing Buddha, a heart in the merry -making ceremony of Chnnag Mai’s Songkran Festival, is enshrined.
Some 16 kilometers west of the city porper is Doi Suthep. Ensconced atop one of its hills is Wat Phra Dhat Doi Suthep temple complex, believed to have relics of Buddha. From the parking lot, a wind-swept, drawn-out flight of stairway embellished with fully-detailed naga (dragons) ascends to the temple, and once up there, the tiresome effort is compensated well by the stateliness of the complex and the thrilling views of Chiang Mai from its precipices. Shopping for souvenirs in Chiang Mai is easy due to its prominence of its local products, but is made difficult because the presence of so many choices. For silver ware, shops along Wua Lai Road offer the finest of silver products. The night bazaar and Warorot Market ( Chiang Mai’s oldest market) both on Chang Khlan Street, and the stores of San Kamphaeng, some 14 kilometers east of the city, are good places to hunt for Thai fabrics. For wood products, Ban Thawai is the center of wood -carving and furniture making in the city. For the nocturnal, the riverside street of Charoenrat and Tha Phae Gate area are teeming with bars, pubs and restaurants where “diverse” evening activities are served. For the more discerning night owls, outfits along Huay Kaew Road, such as The Pub (named one of the best bars in the world by Newsweek) and Darling, offer stylish setups to chill and have a night cap.
There are a lot more to Vietnam than the endless series of movies about the atrocities war that happened in the country some three decades ago. There are awesome attractions to see, splendid characters of a people to appreciate, and rich cultures to experience, which are all above and beyond the scars of conflict. The remnants of the previous struggle which are found in its cities and remote villages, are now sights to behold. They came to be in no time a favorite tourist spots.
GETTING INTO HO CHI MINH
The ideal entry into the country is via Ho Chi Minh, formerly known as Saigon, the south’s capital prior to the Vietnam reunification in 1976. It is here where most international flights land and depart, and where the main transportation hubs are located. Named after the revolutionary leader and North Vietnamese president Ho Chi Minh, the city being an important port and a major commercial and industrial center boast of sophisticated hotels and restaurants, and fine tourism facilities.
Ho Chi Minh is relatively young city. Established only in the 18th century by Vietnamese refugees fleeing the civil war in the north, the small settlement on the banks of Tau Ho River, a branch of the main Sai GHon River, was soon shared with migrating Chinese merchants. The place, which was christened Gla Dinh by the ruling Nguyen Dynasty, became a beehive of commercial activities and government operations. After the French conquest in 1859, the city was re-named Saigon and turned into the capital of French colony of Cochin China.
Presently, the city’s urban landscape is dotted with a conurbation of early colonial (what were left unscarrred after the Vietnam War) and modern buildings and structures. The first of the Vietnamese religious temples and government buildings still standing are typically made of  hard woods swathed with intricate carvings and sheltered by tiled roofs-an architectural style adopted from mainland China. The French left their design imprints in the Mediterranean inspired villas scattered around the city and its suburbs, in Catholic churches, and in wide tree-lined boulevards leading to the city center.
Ho Chi Minh is an extremely huge city, it covers an area  of 2356 square kilometers, which is divided into 12 urban wards (quan) and six rural districts (huyen). The later occupies 90% of the total land area, but the former counts for almost 75 percent of the population.
To discover the many facets of the city, it is best to start at the Ward One, or Saigon proper. This downtown area is where the most of the city’s foremost attractions are located. The DaiLo Le-Duan is a picturesque avenue straddled by foreign consulates and is abutted by important destinations. At its acme is the 143-year old French-established and tree-canopied Zoo & Botanical Garden. Inside the zoo’s main gate is the History Museum, a repository built by the Societe des Etudes Indochinoises in 1929 to house Vietnamese artifacts dating back as far back as three millenniums ago. Ensconced at the southern end of Di Lo Le Duan is Reunification Palace, a mute witness to the dramatic conclusion of the Vietnam War on 30 April 1975. The first communists tanks to enter Saigon went straight to the courtyards of this former presidential palace.
The war Remnants Museum a block west from here is next. Formerly known as the Museum of American War Crimes, the name has been changed to avoid upsetting the burgeoning American tourist market. This museum is very popular because of its graphnic renditions on how gruesome the Vietnam War was.
Adjacent to Reunification Palace is Cong Vien Van Hoa Park, once upon a time a sports club exclusively for the colonial elite. A neat column of benches under the shades of centuries-old trees beckon for tranquil afternoon and early evening respites.
The pulse of Saigon is felt strongest at the nearby Dong Khoi a ratherf short street with a long record of legendary entertainments. Referred to by the French as Rue Catinat, and Tu Do by American GIs, this most famous, sometimes infamous, Vietnamese strip (immortalized by Graham Greene in his novel The Quiet American) is dotted with bars, restaurants, shops and hotels. Ironically, this vibrant capital of earthly undertakings commences right after the doorsteps of the neo-Romanesque styled Notre Dame Cathedral. Built between 1877 and 1883, this Roman Catholic Church, whose 40-meter-high twin towers with iron-tipped spires lording over the skyline, is sometimes a little off-sync in the area.
There are litany of place to try in Dong Khoi. For a night of revelry with the city’s expatriate and “pretty people” community, the Underground is the pub to go to. In the nearby Pham Ngu ZLao street, the Allez Boo Bar offers sundown to sunrise partying with fellow night owls.
Cholon, a busy suburb west of downtown Saigon, is the city’s closest version to Chinatown. It has narrow streets teeming with commercial activities and a horde of shops selling everything., from souvenirs and garments to high-tech toys and appkliances. Cholon is also home to some of the oldest structures in the city. Buddhist pagodas straddled near each other at the heart of Cholon-Quan Am, Phuoc An Hoi and Thien Hau-are testaments to the pioneering presence of the ethnic Chinese merchants who settled in this area more than two centuries ago. Of the three, the more ancient is Quan Am Paghoda, which was built in 1816. On the outskirts of Cholon district, some two kilometers from Quan Am, is another Buddhist temple considered to be the oldest in ther city Giac Lam is a splendid pagoda dating to 1744, perhaps an era when the first wave of Fujian Chinese arrived by boat in the banks of Tau Hu River.
DREAMING OF HANOI
Hanoi is a city of charm. The unhurried pace of its lifestyle brings an aura so distinct from other major Asian capitals. It is a little bereft of frenetic urban semblance, with which the orient is known for. The green awnings over its wide boulevards rekindle poetry more than remind tourists of their next itinerary. As the French colonial villas brandish the old-world lure, romantic lakes within the heart of the city afford a valid excuse to daydream once more.
This hamlet of old has traces of civilization dating as far back as the New Stone Age. In the course of its history, this settlement west of the Red River (Song Hong) was a placid spectator in the rise and fall of foreign and local empires and kingdoms around it for thousand of years, until the city itself rose to become a capital of Dai Viet ( Great Viet), or what is commonly known as Ly Dynasty, in 1010 AD. Since then, Thang Long (Dragon Rising) renamed it Hanoi, and it played and it played a crucial role it the country’s evolution.
When visiting Hanoi, it is preferred to stay at the periphery of the legendary Hoan Kiem Lake. One reason is for early risers to catch a glimpse of locals going about the traditional tai chi by the banks before the sun breaks into a misty morning. This shaded lagoon was naturally designed for leisurely stroll, as the view of elegant colonial buildings loom across the water and the scents of freshly baked baguettes, brioches and croissants are suspended seductively in the air–courtesy of cafes along Cha Ca Road in the Old Quarters.
Hanoi’s Old quarters is a vivacious market place since the 13th century. It is famous for existing alliances between particular products and the names of streets where the commodities are sold, such as Silver Street, Silk Street, Paper Street, and so on. This practice has been going on for hundred of years, and little had been changed. Because the alleys are so narrow, its a must to look out for motorcycles and cyclos, as they whoosh an inch away from your torso.
On a small island in the northern part of Hoan Kiem Lake, accessible by a wooden bridge is the 18th-century Ngoc Son (Jade Mountain Temple). Nearby is a nighttime theater for water puppet shows, complete with a live orchestra and a lure to unearth centuries-old secrets in the magical art of water puppetry. Still within the lake, or an islet south, is Thap Rua (Tortoise Tower), a landmark often used as a symbol of Hanoi.
A little less than two kilometers west from Hoan Kiem is Ba Dinh Square, site of Tran Quoc Pagoda ( one of the Vietnam’s oldest pagoda), the Quan Thanh Temple (built between 1010 to 1225), The Presidential Palace (constructed 1906), The House of Stilts (a modest modern villa where Ho Chi Minh directed the war effort against the Americans using only three telephones), the Ho Chi Minh Museum and the Ho Chi Minh  Mausoleum. A visit to this final resting place of the 20th-century Vietnamese communist leader will take you through a long flight of marble stairs before entering an eerie room, where a glass sarchophagus of the embalmed body of the president is ensconced.
THE VERDANT GEMS OF HALONG BAY
Blimey is often the moment’s pronouncement as soon as the first of the 3000 inimitable and verdant gems off the northern coast of Vietnam is revealed. The islands of Ha Long Bay are, as the former colonial masters of this country were inclined to exclaim, recherche! – due mostly to their peculiar limestone shapes and formations.
Most of these exceptionally beautiful islands are uninhabited and sullied by human presence because of their precipitous character. Hence, they are able to naturally maintain their unique features. Some of the islands have caves and grottoes complete with stalactites and stalagmites. The present of countless limestone pillars embellishing the islands, which are of great scenic charm and of great biological value, is the main reason why the bay became such a spectacular seascape. Among the occupied islands, the more important ones are the pearl trading center od Co To and the tourist holding center of Cat Ba.
In 1994, UNESCO took cognizance of this group of offshore islands in Ha Long Bay as the best example of marine invaded tower karst in the world. With the place’s outstanding scenic beauty and great biological interest, the islands were designated a World Heritage Site.
COLORED BY HUE
Hue is an ancient city in central Vietnam. It became the country’s royal capital in 1802 when Nguyen Anh, who assumed the name of Emperor Gia Long, took control of the entire country and re-established the Nguyen Dynasty here. Soon after strengthening his hold to power, the emperor embarked on a building frenzy, changing Hue’s landscape forever.
Immediately constructed in 1804 was the moat enclosed, wall-fortified Citadel (Linh Tanh), whose perimeter alone was 10 kilometers long, within this bastion, another layer of higher walls called Hoang Tanh (Royal Citadel) rose to provide security and the Forbidden Purple City (Tiu Cam Thanh) and its lavish-designed palaces. It was here where Nguyen royalties held court for almost half century until they were dethroned by Viet Minhs in 1945.
The whole structure is now known as Complex of Hue Monuments. It was designated as World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993. Besides the pompous imperial quarters found inside the buttresses, the intricate trimmings of the sentinels on all entries are enthralling. The gates of Hien Nhon, the Mieu, and the Ngo Mon (main gate) are classic examples of Vietnamese architecture.
Hue has more attractions, including Buddhist pagodas pre- of stone carved- warrior servantsdating the walled-city by several centuries. The contemporary Trang Tien Bridge spanning the Perfume River (Song Huong) is an unusual attraction at night due to its multi-hued lighting effects. The Royal Tombs of Nguyen Dynasty, which are dispersed all over Hue, are renowned for their magnificence. The hill-top mausoleum of Emperor Khai Dinh, ruler from 1916 to 1925, has an awesome view of the rugged terrain around it, and is guarded by a coterie of stone-carved warriors and servanats. The secluded banks of Perfume River is the solace of choice of Emperor Minh Mang, who ruled from 1820 to 1840 top erect the most elaborate of all tombs of his royal family.
Among the ancient places of worship in Hue, Thien Mu Pagoda is considered the oldest and most famous. In fact, it is one of Vietnam’s distinguishable landmarks. Built in 1601 on a Perfume River bank some four kilometers south of Forbidden Purple City, it features the Phuoc Duyen stupa and some antiuated brick temples. On the other side of the river, much closer to the walled city, is Bao Quoc Pagoda, another glorious Buddhist temple built in 1670.
While in Hue, soothing day trips to Thuan An Beach (a splendid lagoon just 12 kilometers northeast) and Bach Ma National Park ( a forested former French hill station some 50 kilometers south) are mandatory, as they present the best of nature’s creation after a doze of super structures created by men.
Vientiane sits placidly in the bank of the celebrated Mekong River. Austere, bucolic and lethargic, this capital city of Laos is very unlike the fidgety and circuitous waterway that gave birth to it. It’s even sometimes called an island in the wrong water, as other urban areas and country capitals touched by the lengthy Mekong are vivacious and bustling, like Kampuchea’s Phnom Penh and Vietnam’s Ho Chin Minh. The atypical character of Vientiane, its charm and village-like ambiance are the raison d’ĂŞtre why travelers in search of salving locales in the indochinese peninsula are coming.
Veritably, there are few traces of modernity in Vientiane. Only the essentials in tourism and communications and a handful of new buildings make up its version of a present-day city. There are still huge tracts of rice fields and vegetable farms in the heart of downtown. Domestic fowls and animals grass the grassland, encasing its French-built, tree-lined boulevards. It was referred to as Asia’s largest village. But for the Lao people, this “City of the Moon” is an ideal representation of their way of life–quaint, serene and gratified.
Besides unsubtle aura of somnolence, which some people prefer to have in their journeys, there are other absorbing impetuses to visit Vientiane. For most part, it’s because of their history. The city has an efficacious civilization dating to the middle of the first millennium, when it became the seat of Chandapuri’s Mon Kingdom.
It was also there where Fa Ngum, the first king of the Lao Kingdom of Lan Xang, was crowned in 1354. In 1563, Lan Xang monarch Xentthathirat permanently moved the Lao capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane, due to better defense against the Burmese marauders and it being more central to Lao settlers. In 1827, the Thais invaded it. In 1899 the French declared it as capital of their Laos colony. Hence, for more than 1000 years, Vientiane has been a center for governance, religion and trade.
Many of Vientiane’s great structures today were built or initiated by King Xentthathirat after settling in his new capital. Like others during that time, the ruler constructed elaborate Buddhist temples and images to complement his palaces.
In 1565, Xentthathirat built a royal place of worship to house a contested Buddha image, the revered Emerald Buddha. The temple was called Wat Pra Keo, in reference to the bejeweled Buddha icon it shelters. The image ( made of jade) was said to be a gift from the king of Ceylon to serve as a talisman for the new kingdom. Another version of its origin says it belonged to Chiang Mai and was seized by the Lao people during their brief annexation of the northern Thai kingdom of Lan Na in the mid-16th century and transferred it to Laos. As a consequence, the Thais recaptured it in 1778 and brought it to Bangkok. Wat Pra Keo was razed by the Thais during the Siamese invasion of 1827. It was rebuilt a century later, but ceased as a place of worship. Instead, it was converted int a museum and is now known as Haw Pha Kaew. Today, it holds some of Laos’ finest pieces of antiquated Buddhis and Khmer sculptures, carvings, leaf-manuscripts, stone slabs and pillars, and royal paraphernalia.
Another notable Xentthathirat structure with great significance is Pha That Luang (The Royal Stupa), Lao’s most famous landmark and undisputed symbol of national sovereignty. Erected in 1566 on a hilltop site of an earlier Khmer temple, the gilded stupa is a sacred Buddhist shrine and an important place of worship for Buddhists around the world. Its design signifies the Buddhist search for perfection.
The 148-foot tall central stupa is hemmed by smaller stupas before being enclosed by a walled courtyard. Inside this fortified cloister are several Buddha images and representations of Buddhist teachings. There are temples established around the stupa. One of which is Wat that Luang Neua, a monastery serving as residence to Pha Sangkharat, the surpreme leader in Lao’s Buddhist hierarchy. A statue of King Xentthathirat stands guard in one of the entrances.
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Exploring Vientiane
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A tour around Vientiane is a breeze, to say the least. Largely because there is no traffic to speak of. The city streets amazingly exempted from motorcycles. Going about the sites is like walking in a park.
Namphou Garden and its Fountain Circle at the confluence of Setthathirat and Pangkham Avenues is right within the city’s tourist belt. The park is a familiar sight sitting next to the Ministry of information and Culture office, where tourism details come in handy. From here, a good number of hotels, restaurants and souvenir shops sit side-by-side, and most of Vientiane’s attractions are just around the corners.
Wat Chan temple houses a huge seated bronze Buddha and a remnant of an ancient stupa with a Buddha image asking for rain. Near Thanon Setthathirat are three splendid Buddhist temples, all of which look different from each other. Wat Paeng impresses visitors with its rich border bas-relief, while Wat Hai Sok shows off its tiered ceramic roof. Wat On Teu showcases an inimitanle blend of Lao and Thai Buddhist architecture.
Less than a kilometer east ward leads to Haw Kham, the modest Lao Presidential Palace, and to Haw Pha Kaew, the former royal temple now a museum. Across the street is Vientiane;s oldest surviving temple, Wat Si Saket. Built by King Anouvong in 1818, it presently has in its possession an overwhelming collection of  close to 700 Buddha images, which are all diligently polished during Lao New Year.
Two blocks away north is That Dam ( black Stupa), a unique religious shrine made legendary by a Vientiane folklore recounting how a seven-headed dragon from the stupa woke from eternal slumber to protect the locals during the 1828 Thai incursion. Nearby is Talat Sao (Morning Market), a market place selling reasonably priced indigenous Laotian products and souvenirs, like woven silk fabrics, phaa sin (traditional wrap-around skirt) and silver crafts. For seasoned jewelry buyers, there are stalls upstairs selling 24K gold per gram. Lao gold is 99.99 percent pure, but is very cheap when compared to Thailand’s gold prices.
Northeast from Talat Sao via Thanon Lan Xang is Patuxai (Victory Monument), Lao’s version of Paris’ Arc de Triomphe. During the day and for a minimal fee, the arch can be climbed. A deck at the top provides an impeded view of the city. Built in 1969, the memorial is dedicated to those who perished during the wars preceding the 1975 communist revolution.
OUT OF VIENTIANE
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The Lao countryside has rugged and lovely backdrops of fascinating mountain ranges, swift streams, laid back villages and exquisite temples. An immersion to these pastoral, yet exotic, destinations is absolutely refreshing. Any inconvenience when going to outlying towns is compensated by the majestic landscapes and people niceties.
Phu Khao Khaoy or Buffalo Mountain is an amazing find in the jagged outback of Annam Highlands northeast of Vientiane. Less than two hours away overland, this mountain, which rises more than 3000 feet, is a wildlife sanctuary for elephants, tigers, black bears and other endangered species. The natural park is declared a National Biodiversity Conservation Area by the government.
Not too far from the hills surrounding Buffalo Mountains is Ang Nam Ngum, a 250-square-kilometer man-made lake. A two- hour ride north leads to Vang Vieng, a small town made famous by picturesque limestone karsts lining the Song River. There are a lot of caves and tunnels on both sides of the river. It’s worth having the earth fissures. Vang Vieng is a popular transit point for those en route to Luang Prabang three hours away. Its also known for being home to the colorful mountain tribes of Hmong and Yao.
ERSTWHILE ROYAL CAPITAL: LUANG PRABANG
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For 200 years since 1353, Luang Prabang has been the royal capital of the ancient kingdom of Lan Xang. From its old township call muong Swa, the newly ascended king Fa Ngum renamed it in honor of Pra Bang, a sacred gold buddha image gifted to him by Khmer royalty for his marriage to a Cambodian princess. This same Buddha was with King Vixun a century later, when he drove the Vietnamese invaders out of the kingdom.
At the height of its glory days, and before it was endlessly sacked by foreign aggressors, Luang Prabang  was an impressive capital of royal palaces and gilded temples. After every pillaging, the city, like a mythological phoenix, rose constantly to the ashes to rebuild itself. In 1995, Luang Prabang was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. There is nothing much to do in Luang Prabang except to rest. It can easily be toured by foot or bike. It takes you between the Mekong River and its tributary Nam Khan and a hill in the middle of the city called Phu Si.
Between these natural barriers is the old quarter, where a large concentration of sacred architectural masterpieces is located. Near the peninsula’s end is Wat Xieng Thong (Golden City Temple), the most glorious of all places of worship in the city. It stands with panache and fortitude. Built in 1560 by King Xetthathirat, the Buddhist temple is intricately decorated with golden panels and colored glass mosaics. Within the compound is an eerie chapel-cum-royal sepulcher, where a huge funeral carriage is stationed and a number of funeral urns belonging to royalty are ominously present.
Haw Kham (Royal Palace Museum) was a palace built in 1904 by King Sisavangvong to be the official residence of his family. Converted into a museum shortly after the communist takeover in 1975, it contains the regal grandeur of a colonial era, including a mural by renowned French artist Alix de Fautereau in the reception hall and the treasures of a rich civilization.
At the eastern side of the hil is Wat Wisunalat, the oldest functioning temple in Luang Prabang. Frist established in 1513, it was destroyed by a fire in 1887 and rebuilt a decade later. It has a remarkable gathering of wooden Buddha images in a “calling for rain” position, inside the complex is That Pathum (Lotus Stupa), which was erected in 1514. Nearby is Phu Si, a dominating limp of earth with slopes as temples and gold as a spire stupa( That Chomsi). This is where the flamboyant Lao New Year procession commences. Elsewhere in Luang Parabang are limestone caves and cave shrines serving as hallowed keepers of innumerable and priceless small images of Buddha.
HOME OF THE LAO
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When concluding a visit to Vientiane and to other parts of the land of the Lao, there is a feeling of solitude you’ll never want to let go. Laos is one thing very hard to forego. Like the insipid tang and inebriating kick of the ostensibly innocuous Lao Lao, it stays in the system long after the shot is consummated.
This hotel is designed to impress even the most discerning guests; this charming boutique hotel is centrally located in Vientiane, placing you in the center of all the hustle and bustle the city has to offer. Offering a wide selection of rooms and all the guestrooms are tastefully designed to provide utmost comfort to all guests. Room starts from $80-breakfast included. Book Now!
All 134 rooms at this 5-star hotel are tailored to satisfy guests’ needs. All rooms have desk, ironing board, non smoking rooms, hair dryer as well as other amenities. Other features at the hotel include meeting facilities, laundry service/dry cleaning, coffee shop. Facilities for recreation and leisure available include pool (kids), massage, spa, jacuzzi. Room starts from $111-breakfast included. Book Now!
Centrally located in the historical centre close to Wat Nong and Wat Sensai temples, this property enjoys peaceful and calm views of the stunning Mekong River. Offering spacious rooms, all of which are fully furnished and decorated using the Lhanna and contemporary deign to provide utmost comfort. Room starts from $91 – Breakfast included. Book Now!
In the heart of the UNESCO protected city, this charming hotel is one of the best choices in the city. Located on the banks of the Nam Khan River, the hotel is close to the Xieng Thong Temple Complex. Room starts from $49. Book Now!
Hectic in Manila? Overcrowded in Sinulog? Tranquil Bohol provides the ultimate balm-a relax environment combined with great dives, white sand, tarsiers and Chocolate hills.
BOHOL IS A PLACE caught in the web of the time-part modern, the relaxed country side lifestyle pervades.
“Time has been very kind to the people of Bohol, They have assimilated what the urbanites are enjoying, without destroying or disregard the old”.
Indeed. This is evident in the religious and public structures that date as far back as the pre-Spanish era. Bohol’s cultural heritage never fails to impress culture planners. The Boholanos take care of their 16th century, coral stone churches located in the towns of Buenos Aires, Carmen, Baclayon. The Dauis Church, which is located in the town of Dauis, three kilometers from Tagbilaran, is one of the Philippines’ most beautiful churches. The interior has life-like murals painted on the ceiling. Legend has it that when the town was invaded by pirates, the town folks locked themselves inside the church, where a well miraculously appeared at the foot of the altar and sustained them for weeks. The well can still be seen in the church, and is the main source of water for the people living in the church vicinity.
But the province’s real magic is its natural attractions. For two consecutive years, Bohol was named Local Destination of the Year. First-rate dive spots such as Panglao, Balicasag, Cabilao, Jao, Mahinay and Lapinin are favorites amongst local and foreign tourists. Whale and dolphin sightings in Pamilacan Island are boosting tourist arrivals year-round, while Cabilao is renowned for the hammerhead sharks that shoal around the clear waters. Balicasag, described as the best dive spot in the country, is popularly known for the colorful coral formation called “The Wall”.
Bohol is also renowned for its beaches. All around the province are good beaches, but do not miss the chance to go to Alona Beach and Doljo Beach, in Panglao; Balbalan Beach and its crystal-clear waters; picturesque Bikini Beach in Pangangan Island, Calape; Sta. Fe Beach, in Alburquerue, is a favorite for picnics; and Mantatao Island, in Calape, is one of the cleanest beaches around, and an ideal jump off point for the island hopping.
And for those who simply want to relax while communing with nature, then the Loboc River Cruise is a must. What makes the trip enjoyable, memorable and refreshing is its unhurried pace as it goes through the sea-side towns of Loboc, Loay and Bila. And on Board, a hearty lunch of seafood is served, and you’ll be serenaded with a traditional kundiman (love song).
As you pass by Bila, remember that this place is a popular haven for tarsiers. The size of a fist, the tarsier is the smallest mammal in the world, and is to have been the inspiration for Steven Spielberg’s E.T. Tarsiers could also be found on the hills of Corella, 10 kms. away from Tagbilaran.
The Chocolate Hills, in Carmen, remain’s Bohol’s main attraction. These 1,268 mounds have become famous since they look like a giant Chocolate Kisses during the summer.
And of course, the stomach should not be forgotten. Try the Bohol Bee Farm in Barangay Dao, Sitio Dauis, famous for its mouth- watering carrot and squash muffins. A bohol food adventure should eventually lead you to Sampaguita’s in Baclayon. Stronglyrecommended are their pasalubongs (take home sweets) like Broas, pastillas, polvoron, and the popular Peanut Kisses.
Philippine airlines flies directly to Tagbilaran City. Ferries from Cebu to Tagbilaran operate daily with a one hour travel time.
Perched atop a hill, this luxurious destination has a panoramic view of the sea, welcoming you to experience the charming Filipino hospitality along with superior services and facilities at this hotel. A 10-hectare retreat set in the style of Old-World Europe allows you to enjoy the finest dining, wine cellars, music and dance clubs, and cigar lounge. Room starts at $157, breakfast included. Rate includes 22% discount! Book Now!
This international class resort, situated in Bohol, is located on top a beach side cliff. The resort offers pristine shores, coral reefs, and tropical jungles, in addition to private villas with gardens and personal plunge pools. Guests will have easy access to a myriad of interesting cultural, historic, and tourist attractions. Room starts at $144, breakfast included. Rate includes 32% discount! Book Now!
Guests will find this service-oriented hotel with superb facilities and amenities provides excellent value. All rooms have air conditioning, hair dryer, television LCD/plasma screen, shower as well as other amenities. This excellent hotel in Bohol also has smoking room, family room, tours. Room starts at $110, breakfast included. Book Now!
There are just 12 rooms available in this exclusive four-star resort, located on Alona Beach, Panglao Island. The on-site restaurant offers a range of local delicacies and international fare. The resort boasts a number of activities that can be arranged, including table tennis, miniature golf, kayaking, mountain biking and snorkeling. There is also a large swimming pool and massage facilities. Villa rate starts at $173, breakfast included. Rate includes 26% discount! Book Now!
Do not forget: If it’s your first time to visit Angkor Wat, do not approach it from behind. To avoid the crowds, our well-intentioned guide led us in through the back, but on hindsight, it was a crime. Your first sight of the temple towers should be from the edge of the long paved road leading to it, which is guaranteed to take your breath away. That is the primary reason why thousands of tourists come to see this thousand -year-old cluster of stone temple mountains, and is the trip’s most unique experience.
It has been a little over a century since the famed Khmer structures first captured the attention of the world. In 1860, French explorer Henri Mouhot published a book with vivid descriptions and detailed pen and ink drawings of the lost temple city, and that started a steady, if at first trickling pilgrimage of tourists, eager to pay homage to one of the ancient architectural wonders of the world. If you haven’t had the chance, do it now. Like most tourist attractions in the Third World, the Angkor runs the risk of commercialization, as well as exploitation by political powers. But right now, although the threat of these dangers can be freely felt, the magic of the ancient walled temples and rustic life of Siem reap, the Cambodian city it is located in, are still safe and ready to be experienced.
Access to this ancient Khmer capital, formerly overrun by the jungle, is now made easy through air routes. My group of modern pilgrims from Manila and Cebu met up in Singapore for a Silk Air flight to Siem Reap, then completed our three country journey with a stop at Vietnam’s third largest city, Da Nang. The trip from Singapore to Siem reap, takes a little more than two hours, and our arrival at the Sofitel Royal Angkor Resort & Spa was a perfect prelude to the glory of the Angkor monuments we would witness the next day. Set in a sprawling landscaped complex, the French and Khmer architecture merge to form 238 rooms and suites with five-star views and amenities. It is a good base to come home to after a trip around the city, which is still very rustic, and in many places, poverty -stricken.
We only spent a day at the famed Angkor temples, but I find it strange that the ancient stones have left an imprint in my memory, becoming more distinct with time. The Angkorian period, in which the temple complex was built and the Khmer empire was consolidated as a major power in Southeast Asia, encompasses more than 600 years. Between 802 AD and 1432, various kings led the Khmer through alternating periods of war and peace, and glory and decline, all the while each building his own architectural tribute to his reign. The first of the rulers who called himself a god king was Jayavarman II (802 to 850). He claimed for himself the all-reaching powers of the Hindu god Shiva, and it’s common belief that the temple mountain he built in Phnom Kulen was reminiscent of the holy mountain at the center of the universe, Mt. Meru, the dwelling place of Shiva. Succeeding rulers vied to surpass each other in celebrating their glory and divinity through their own temple mountains. Angkor Wat, the most magnificent of these, was built from 1112 to 1152 by King Suryavarman II as a manifestation of his devotion to the Hindu god Vishnu.
A leisurely stroll around the Angkor Wat complex reveals thousands of bas reliefs, many unfinished. the largest temple in the world with a perimeter of two square kilometers, the stone needed to build it equals that of the Cheops pyramid in Egypt. Some corridors have been reclaimed for worship, and there are monks in many places. Massive and expert restoration of the Angkor temples in the 60’s have made it possible for the tourists to virtually transport themselves to the golden age of the Khmer kings, and it is suggested that one be at Angkor Wat during sunset to see it in full glory.
Number two on the must-see list is Angkor Thom. Built after the Chams of southern Vietnam attacked and occupied the city of Angkor for four years. Angkor Thom was erected by Jayavarman VII in 1181, inspired not by the Hindu gods but by the Buddha of Compassion, Avalokiteshvara. The Bayon temple is the central architectural piece in Angkor Thom, and is famous because of the 216 serene smiling faces–commonly thought to be a cross between the face of Buddha and Jayavarman VII – on its 54 towers.
There are still many temples to see, but leave time to visit the floating village. these village, complete with homes and schools, move with the tide, such that its actual physical location can vary from one to almost two kilometers. The simplicity and poverty in the village is in stark contrast to the grandeur of Angkor, and it is difficult to imagine that ancestors of these people were the architects of such majesty. Little boys floating in plastic wash tubs beg for money from tourists in passing boats, and families squat in their miniscule floating homes which have no chairs. The ingenuity of the Khmer, however, shine through soon enough. A big structure with children playing in balconies joins the string of boats coasting through the center of the village, and one realizes that it’s the schoolhouse bringing children home.
The same Khmer talent and industry that built the temple mountains can be seen in the little children selling trinkets to tourists visiting the Angkor. They have learned to speak English with perfect accents and go to school either very early in the morning or after sunset in order to make a living during the day. The US dollar is legal tender in Cambodia and authorities in Siem Reap have made sure the streets are safe even at night for tourists. tourism is the main source of income for this city and there are policemen stationed every 100 meters in major tourist areas. In Angkor Wat, the ancient Khmer kings may have left a legacy that is not only a source of pride for present Cambodians, but a hope for their future economic prosperity as well.
With 238 rooms, this property contains all the amenities and services you would expect from a 5-star hotel. Each room includes hair dryer, desk, internet access – LAN, internet access – wireless. Guests will find this service-oriented hotel with superb facilities and amenities provides excellent value. Room starts at $124 per night with breakfast included. Book Now!
The hotel is builtin traditional Cambodian flare with colonial architecture and influences, check into this luxurious resort and spa. Centrally located and yet surrounded by nature, it makes an ideal base for leisure and business travelers in Siem Reap. Rooms starts at $ 71 with breakfast included. Book Now!
Comfort and convenience are the hallmarks of Raffles Grand Hotel d’Angkor. Each of the 119 rooms at this 5-star hotel has all the comforts and conveniences of home. Unwind after your day with a choice of garden, sauna, massage, steam room – just a few of the hotel’s excellent sporting and leisure offerings. Book Now!
Conveniently located in the city center, this property is just a 5 minute drive from the bus station and 20 minutes from Siem Reap International Airport. Boasting its comfortable guestrooms that are decked up with traditional Khmer furnishings, Paradise Angkor Villa Hotel also features an outdoor swimming pool surrounded by a beautiful garden  Special limited deal-Room starts at $30 including breakfast. Book Now!
Time has stood still in Palawan. Dubbed as the country’s “Last Frontier”, true enough, Palawan has managed to preserve its fascinatingly natural habitat over the years. Palawan is the country’s most largest province, the significant portion of its almost 1,489.655 hectare land area are virgin territories of undefined jungle and rainforest, primeval black limestone and marble cliffs, unexplored caves and coves, and pristine white beaches. Its 1,768 island and islets are surrounded by waters of incredible kilometers southwest of Manila. It is bounded by South China Sea on the west, Sulu Sea on the east, Mindoro straight on the north, Balabac straight on the south (separating the island from Borneo).
More than a thousand islands and islets compose Palawan’s territory making the province an ideal breeding ground for tropical flora and fauna. It is in Palawan where the endemic Philippines animals like the Mousedeer, Beercat and, Palawan Peacock pheasants co-exist with some of Africa’s wildlife species such as Zebras, Gazelles, Elands and Giraffes. Many visitors have come to love this hauntingly beautiful province where the dramatic landscape is also amazingly diverse from coral reefs to mountain ranges, stark cliffs of sheer limestone, rainforests abundant with rare wildlife, and unmatched underwater views which are found only in the Philippines. Dive spots, like Tubattaha Reef, one of the best dive spots in the area, are plentiful, which each site offering a unique array of marine life. No wonder Palawan continuos to gain reputation as among the best destination in the World.
How to get there:
The best and most practical way to get to Palawan is via direct flight daily from Manila to Puerto Princesa.
Puerto Princesa International Airport(IATA: PPS) is the main gateway to Palawan, major airlines serve international and domestic flights; Philippine Airlines, Air Philippines, Cebu Pacific and Zest Airways have flights to and from Manila and Cebu, PAL Express (Air Philippines) have flights to and from Busuanga, while SEAIR connects the whole of Palawan internationally with Kota Kinabalu.
El Nido Airport(IATA: ENI), charter flights are provided Island Transvoyager Inc. (ITI) while Seasonal flights are offered by SEAIR.
SEAIR is renowned for its unreliable service, often cancelling flights with less than two days notice via email only. Many travellers have reported being told that they would receive a refund “within 30 working days” but their money has never been returned. While ITI is a smaller airline, services are more reliable.
A new airport is near completion in San Vicente.
Get around
Cheapest option while getting around is the local jeepney, tricycles are also available. Getting from one island to another is possible; daily boat trips are available. Car and van rentals are also available.
Exploring Palawan
HONDA BAY
Located in Sta. Lourdes Tagbanua. Honda Bay is dotted with many small islands with shallow reefs and fine-white sand beaches. Most of the smaller islets disappear during high tide, while the bigger ones would have accommodation for overnight stay. The waters around this islands have become popular spots diving, snorkeling, and swimming.
From the city proper, visitors have option to go on a day trip to one or more of the following in Honda Bay:
The Canon Island, and the Pandan Island (between these two island lies an almost intact coral reefs)
Lu-li Island (so called because it ios submerged during hight tide and afloat during low tide)
Starfish Island (known for its fine-clear water that seems like starfish)
Snake Island (so called because of its long stretch of fine white sand beach seemed shaped like a snake
Senoáąťita Island (the breeding site of Lapu-lapu fish)
Bat Island (inhabited by thousand of bats)
How to get there:
Sta. Lourdes Wharf, pump boats could be hired to take the tourist to the island of their choice. It is located about 12 kilometers east of Puerto Princesa. 30 minutes away by hired tricycle or jeepney. The boat ride, takes anywhere from 15 minutes to 1 hour depending how far the island is.
ST. PAUL SUBTERRANEAN RIVER NATIONAL PARK
Located at the foot of Mt. Paul in the western coast of Palawan, the 3901 hectare terrestrial reserve composed of a lush tropical forest, caves, white sand beaches and limestone cliffs. Whithin the park is an old growth forest consisting of at least 280 species of trees. it is habitat for many wildlife species particularly monkeys, snakes, and birds including the Tabon Bird, Philippine cockatoo, white-bellied sea eagle.
The park was created to conserbe the enigmatic St. Paul Cave, the cave formed beneath rugged limestone and marble cliffs, carved and made hallow by an underground river. This river is popularly known as Underground River. It is acclaimed to be the longest subterranean river in the world.
The entrance to the river-cave is a picturesque lagoon where paddle boats equipped with strong-handled search lights are stationed. There boats which takes the visitors through the exploration of the caves are provided by the park authority and are navigated by well-trained guides who give information about the various sections of the cave. Hanging from the ceiling and walls of the caves are countless bats together with snakes, blindfish and other water creatures. Visitors are taken on a ride of a life-time through corridors of colossal stalactite and stalagmite pillars, rock formation and doomed ampitheaters.
How to get there:
Visitors have two options. One is to travel by land to Barangay Bahiles wharf from there hire a pump boat directly to the mouth of the cave. A Second option is to travel by land to Barangay Cabayugan and then Sabang; where there are three options, one os to take a pump boat, two to take a Monkey Trail; three to hike along the Jungle Trail.
CROCODILE FARMING INSTITUTE
Located along the National road in Barangay Irawan, south Puerto Princesa. Here hundreds of crocodiles can be viewed from the steel bridges. Some large crocodiles are kept single or in pairs inside concrete cages.
At the entrance lobby hangs the skin of huge crocodile (17.5 feet long) while the entire skeleton displayed inside a glass casing.
How to get there:
From the city proper, is a 30 minutes travel by a tricycle or jeepney ride.
PALAWAN NATIONAL MUSEUM
Located at the Old City Hall on Valencia street. On exhibit are archaeological, geological, ethnological collections of jars, porcelains, trapping tools used by ancestral people, musical instruments and brass wares. The museum showcases the music, culture, history, crafts and arts of Palawan.
How to get there:
From the city proper, 10 minutes by tricycle ride.
BUTTERFLY GARDEN
The Butterfly Garden is home to a large number of species of butterflies, plants and flowers, most of which are endemic in Palawan. Visitors will find the experience otherworldly, as they are led to a small meshed garden where hundreds of butterflies flutter everywhere. Take a picture from leaves or caterpillar crawling on a stem of plants. But the best of all, feel the wings of the young butterflies that has just emerged from their cocoon.
How to get there:
Slightly off the National Road, the garden is a 20-minute tricycle ride from city’s commercial district.
Located in the heart of Puerto Princesa City, this property is only nine kilometers from the airport and the seaport. Boasting well-appointed guestrooms that are tastefully decorated, each room were equipped with standard amenities to make guests’ stay comfort. Room starts from $76- Breakfast Included. Book Now!
The hotel is ideally located in Puerto Princesa. Wildlife lovers can make a visit to the Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center. Mendoza Park is located within 2 kilometers from the hotel. Guests can also dine at the onsite restaurant that serves delicious cuisines. Room rates starts from $79 with breakfast included. Book now – rate includes 38% discount!
Located in Palawan, the hotel is situated on the Abueg Road and only 3 minutes away from the airport. Boasting 18 well-appointed guestrooms and suites, all were tastefully furnished. Room starts from $39. Book Now!
Located in a small peninsula along the Puerto Princesa Bay overlooking the city, this resort is set in a lush coconut grove facing the sea and the hills. Surrounded by natural mangroves and landscape gardens, all villas are uniquely designed and decorated in local style, with veranda or balcony facing the great view of the bay. Room starts from $45. Book Now!
As the key government organization overseeing all aspects of tourism in Thailand, the Ministry of Tourism and Sports (MOTS) works in cooperation with various state agencies, including the Thai Tourist Police, to ensure the safety and well-being of all visitors to Thailand.
With the steady increase in international visitor arrivals, the Ministry has set out to integrate these various functions through the creation of a dedicated one-stop service centre to serve the needs of international tourists and visitors to Thailand.
This has resulted in the recent official opening of a dedicated Tourist Service Centre (TSC) at Suvarnabhumi Airport.
The new TSC at Suvarnabhumi Airport is located near Gate 3 on the 1st floor and provides a one-stop service in ten languages: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Russian, English, Italian, French, Spain, German and Thai.
In addition to providing general assistance, visitors to Thailand and tourists will also be able to lodge various complaints with the TSC or report unfair or unethical tourism practices related to tourist business operators, tourist retail outlets or tour guides.
The Center is open daily and operates 24/7. It is staffed by 14 officers and has been in operation since 19 August 2011.
Tourist Service Centre at Suvarnabhumi Airport (1st Floor, near Gate 3)
Open 24-hours, daily
Tel/Fax: +66 (0) 2134 4077
E-mail: tsc@mots.go.th, touristcenter13@gmail.com
Tourist Service Centre at the Ministry of Tourism and Sports at
Ratchadamnoen Nok Avenue
Open Monday – Friday, 09.00 – 17.00 hrs
Tel: +66 (0) 2356 0650
Fax: +66 (0) 2356 0655
E-mail: tsc.mots.go.th
Agoda.com, Asia’s global hotel booking site and part of Nasdaq-listed Priceline Group (Nasdaq: PCLN), has secured some hard-to-find rates for the Hua Hin Jazz Festival 2011.
Each year, Thailand’s coolest jazz bands join some choice international acts on the Thai Gulf shorefront for the Hua Hin Jazz Festival. Celebrating its 10th anniversary this year, the festival will kick off on the evening of Friday August 26 in the picturesque gardens of the Sofitel Centara.
The grand opening of the festival will take place at 6pm on Friday, with live music until midnight on Friday and Saturday. Highlights include performances by Thai favorites Ganesha and Koh Mr. Saxman, plus Japan’s bossa-styled Orange Pekoe and the Grammy-nominated contemporary band Fourplay. The USA’s Grammy Award-winning Norman Brown will also headline the event.
Most attendees of the Hua Hin Jazz Festival are visitors from Bangkok taking the opportunity to escape to the beach for the weekend. Hotels in Hua Hin usually book out well in advance, but agoda.com has secured the following specials rates at select properties in Hua Hin. Concert goers should book early to avoid missing out!
Agoda’s booking deals for the Hua Hin Jazz Festival 2011
The Putahracsa is a beachfront boutique resort situated in the heart of Hua Hin town. The colorful night market, with its amazing selection of shops and restaurants, is a…More Info
Rates from USD 84 per night. Minimum stay 2 nights. Save 25%.
Devan Dara, which translated means “beautiful star of the angel” attempts to bring Maldivian style villas to Hua Hin. Located in peaceful area on the outskirts of this popular…More Info
The Lapa Hotel****
Rates from USD 101 per night. Minimum stay 2 nights. Save 25%.
The newest addition in Hua-Hin is funky to say the least. Attractions include jet skiing, banana boat, paintball, snorkeling, go-karting and so much more. Lapa is accessible to…More Info
Relax and enjoy the service and accommodation at this 71 roomed hotel in Hua Hin city, rooms feature modern conveniences and views of the city. Rooms can be rented for long…More Info
Featured in each room, among other amenities, are air conditioning, hair dryer, non smoking rooms. Featuring 24hr room service, laundry service/dry cleaning, bar/pub, this Hua…More Info
Hilton Hua Hin*****
Rates from USD 139 per night. Must book at least 3 days in advance. Save 10%.
Literally steps from the beach, shops and restaurants, this luxury resort boasts an excellent location. The entire town can easily be navigated on foot from the Night Market to… More Info
Whether on business or holiday, each of the 42 rooms at this 4-star property are designed help guests relax in comfort and style. Included in all rooms are internet access –…More Info
The Napalai Resort and Spa is located in the Khao Takiap beach area in Hua-Hin, is in walking distance to the beach and is a 10 minute drive to the city center and a 20 minute…More Info
Smart Holiday Resort***
Rates from USD 43 per night. Minimum stay 2 nights. Save 25%.
Some of the features you’ll enjoy are microwave, air conditioning, shower. This excellent hotel in Hua Hin / Cha-am also has concierge, Wi-Fi in public areas, car park. Guests… More Info
A rare example of a golden teak Thai style bungalow, the four star Baan Bay’an Hotel offers guests the opportunity to experience days gone by, with all the modern comforts of…More Info
” There’s so much to see and learn in a place of mysticism and paradox called Southeast Asia,” For centuries, the isolation provided by its turbulent seas, high mountains and mighty rivers separating them from the rest of the world , gave its people of various tribes and persuasions vast latitudes to develop their own ways of life. The faith of Southeast Asians differ greatly as much as having separate gods per village. In totality however, their reverence for omniscient and powerful beings made them more clannish and bolder in the face of opportunities and threats, giving birth to immense and powerful kingdoms, as well as strong and competitive nations. This unwavering spiritual devotion altered their landscapes forever, with structures like the massive Angkor Wat in Cambodia or the quaint baroque churches in the Philippines.
Southeast Asia is a treasure cove of beauty. With so many wonders crafted by elements dyed by tie, a lifetime is not enough to savor its grandeur. From the limestone pillars of Ha Long Bay to the tropical rainforest around Kota Kinabalu to the beaches of Bali, Phuket and Boracay, nothing can compare to the splendor this region ha to offer the world.
THAILAND
Before Bangkok–Ayutthaya
The ancient trading city of Ayutthaya was capitalof Siam ( now Thailand) since 1351, when King Ramathibodi I founded the Kingdom of Ayutthaya on an island in the middle of Chao Phraya. It was overwhelmed by the Burman invasion in 1767, and the capital was moved to Bangkok. At the height of its power, the Ayutthaya Kingdom absorbed the northern Thai Kingdom of Sukhothai and destroyed the flourishing Khmer Kingdom of Angkor in nearby Cambodia. The Ayutthayans also temporarily controlled Chiang Mai, another kingdom in the far northern part of Thailand. In sum, the kingdom was extended throughout Thailand and the Southeast Asian peninsula, and included some portions of present-day Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar.
In the Throes of its successful conquests, Ayutthayan rulers built a chain of splendid palaces, gilded statues, and towering Buddhist temples and pagodas within its key territory. Successful were they in building a magnificent city. Ayutthaya was known as the golden city. Several hundred thousand inhabitants lived in its fold. The Kingdom ultimately lost its luster when the Burmese attacked its capital, killing most of its people, pillaging its treasures, and obliterating many of its buildings. The city was abandoned and a new capital was established some 80 kilometers south of it.
More than 200 years since it was deserted, only the ruins of this once illustrious city exist, like the Wat Maha That (Temple of the Great Relic) built between 1374 1375 with a sitting Buddha with hands in the bhumisparsha or “calling the earth to witness”position; the Wat Thammikkarat (Temple of the Pious Monarch) and its stone lions or singh; the Wat Rarburana (Temple of the Royal Restoration; the huge reclining Buddha of Wat Yai Chai Mongkron (Temple of Great Victory); the three stupas of Wat Si Sanphet, where the remains of King Ramathibodi II and some family members are interred; the Buddha statue of Wat Monkhon Bophit (Temple of Auspicious Kings), one of the largest Buddha statues in Thailand. All these are considered cultural treasures of humankind, and in 1991, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) officially acknowledge the importance of Ayutthaya to the cultural heritage of the world.
The Grand Palace and Wats of Bangkok
In the last quarter of the 18th century, Bangkok was a settlement on the banks of Chao Phraya. It became the center of government and religious institutions of Siam (Thailand) after the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767. General Chakri ruled under the royal name of King Rama I, and shaped the destiny of the city when he moved the capital in 1782 from its temporary site in Thon Buri to across the river. The present royal house of Thailand is descended from Chakri Dynasty.
Soon, the Grand Palace of Bangkok emerged, which is a compound of several royal buildings and Buddhist temples, including the Temple of the Emerald Buddha or Wat Phra Kaeo. Over the years, more than 400 temples and monasteries were completed, many with gold-gilded beams, ridges and pillars. Most were influenced by the prang style of the former kingdom of Ayutthaya, like the greatly admired Wat Arun, the Temple of the Dawn.
CAMBODIA
The Temples of Angkor–A Testament to the glories of Cambodia’s Khmer Empire
Angkor, an imposing religious complex-cum capital of the Khmer Empire for more than six centuries during the middle ages, was initially established in honor of the Hindu god Shiva. It was later re-dedicated to Buddha, after the former was said to have failed in protecting the kingdom from a ruinous foreign incursion in 1177.
Founded by the Khmer prince Jayavarman II in the early years of the ninth century, Angkor, whose name is derived from the Sanskrit word Negara, which means “city.” was ruled by more than two dozen monarchs
until its decline in the 15th century. Deep within this period, Khmer rulers spanned the entire stretch of a fertile plain tucked between the hills of Kulen and the Lake of Tonle Sap in the northern part of the present day Cambodia. They built palaces, roads, irrigation canals, reservoirs, and an endless series of temple complexes donned with intricate stone inscriptions and magnificent stone carvings, like the first state temple of Phnom Bakheng, Ta Prohm, Preah Khan, and the Bayon Temple at Angkor Thom.
Encompassing all magnificent structures and creations of the Khmer kings, one place of worship stood out for its sheer size , stateliness, and artistry: the Angkor Wat. The Angkor Wat is a Hindu temple complex built by Khmer king Suryavarman II during the 12th century to serve as his personal observatory, shrine and sepulcher. As the king’s final resting place. Angkor Wat was made to face the setting sun, which was unorthodox of traditional Hindu temples facing east, because according to another Hindu belief, the spirit of the dead travels westward when heading to the next life.
Prodigious and vivid, the sculptured stone complex of Angkor Wat took 0 years to build, calling for a deployment of thousands of manual labor and an incalculable volume of sandstone and laterite. Occupying some 80 hectares, it is the largest religious shrine ever built by man. And, along its ornate walls, the complex holds the distinction of having the longest running bas-relief in the world. It artistically depicts scenes from the ancient Hindu epics Ramanaya and Mahabharata, the activities of the Hindu gods Shiva and Vishnu, the historic exploits of King Suryavarman II and his subjects, and the affections of the seductive apsaras – the celestial nymphs of a 12th -century Khmer lore symbolizing “the one who goes through the water of the clouds.”
By the 1400s, by reason of defense and security, Angkor was abandoned as a political capital by Khmer rulers. Since then, Angkor Wat was inhabited, sporadically at first, by Buddhist monks. Today, Angkor is the national symbol of Cambodia and is an important destination for Buddhist pilgrims around the world. in 1992, it was designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, officially declaring it as one of humanity’s most treasured cultural sites.
LAOS
A Year of the Lao
Laos belong to the Khmer empire until Fa Ngun, an exiled Laotian prince raised in the Khmer capital of Angkor and married to a Khmer princess, was given a Khmer army to take his rightful heritage as a Laotian king. He assumed the throne of Muong Swa (Luang Prabang), founded the kingdom of Lan Xang in 1353, and kicked the Khmers out of the country. The rule lasted up to the late 17th century, when dynastic feuds finally caused its disintegration.
The Theravada branch of Buddhism gained strong support from rulers, as it confirmed monarchy by strongly recognizing the value of a king. In return, the royalty supported the expansion of Buddhist monasteries and temples in every village of the kingdom. Religion became the center of Laotian life, and temples became sanctuaries for spiritual rejuvenation and intellectual discoveries. It was during this period when Lao’s most sacred Buddhist shrine, the That Luang Stupa (Great Sacred Stupa), was built in Vientiane during the 16th century by King Xetthathirat on a hilltop site of an earlier Khmer temple. the structure is 148 feet tall.
A Vietnamese army sacked Lan Xang in 1478, but was immediately driven out by King Vixun, who had with him a golden Buddha image known as Phra Bang. The Buddha became the symbol of the Lao state, and a city named after it was built, Luang Prabang became the royal capital until a communist takeover in 1975. In 1995, Luang Prabang was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List for its well-preserved structures invoking traditional Lao architecture and European-inspired colonial buildings.
It’s important to note that in the tedious process of building the scores of Buddhist temples in Laos during the Lan Xang era, principles of the faith prescribed the standards of their architecture and influenced the passages that were either painted or carved in temple walls. Besides the Lao innovations of a tiered roof style curving near the ground and the bronze roof adornment with five spires representing the peaks of the holy Mount Meru, a typical Lao temple also includes a venue for ordaining new monks, a library, shrines where relics are stored, and living quarters for the monks. Even in the sculpture of Buddha images, there are distinctive features that are uniquely Lao, such as long hands and fingers, stretched earlobes and curly hair.
VIETNAM
Remembering Hue and Halong Bay
Most of Vietnam’s exceptionally beautiful islands are uninhabited and unsullied by human presence because of their precipitous character. Hence, they are able to naturally maintain their unique features. Some of the islands have caves and grottoes, complete with stalactites and stalagmites. The presence of countless limestone pillars embellishing the islands, which are of great scenic charm and of great biological value, is the main reason why the bay became such a spectacular seascape. Among the occupied islands, the more important ones are the pearl trading center of Co To and the tourist holding center of Cat Ba.
In 1994, The UNESCO recognized this group of offshore islands as the best example of marine-invaded towers in the world. With the place’s outstanding scenic beauty and great biological interest, the islands were designated as a World Heritage Site. From the Gulf of Tonkin, a southward journey will lead you to central lowlands of Vietnam, into the 19th century feudal city of Hue, and to the imposing complex of Hue Monuments. Established as the imperial capital of a unified Vietnam in 1802 under the Nguyen dynasty, Hue is a compound of defensive walls and huge palaces-with the Forbidden Purple City, the Imperial City and the Inner City as its heart, and the picturesque Perfume River as its artery.
Hue is noted for the splendid planning and great artistry of its structures. In fact, even after more than 200 years since it was built by Emperor Gia Long of the last dynasty, this once royal city is still regarded as one of the best well-planned and naturally beautiful capital cities of Southeast Asia. Also, the complex of Hue monuments was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1993.
INDONESIA
Borobudur and the Village Temples of Java and Bali
Borobudur, the colossal Buddhist temple in Magelang on the island of Java, is a testament of the Indonesians’ long and passionate attachment to omniscient and spiritual beings. Borobudur was built in the early 800 AD by the Sailendra Dynasty of Java. It was abandoned two centuries later when the influence of this Buddhiat Kingdom diminished, as the Hindu kingdom of Mataram rose and gained control of central and eastern Java. Ensconced on a hill 150 feet high, Borobudur is made
of eight stone terraces, with each step sitting on top of each other. The first five squared terraces have walls festooned with Buddhist sculptures in bas-relief . The upper circled terraces are adorned with scores of stupas. From the base to its pinnacle, it’s an expedition of 4.8 kilometers through ceremonial passages and stairways. According to believers, profound insights emerge as they scale the height of this temple pyramid.
In 1983, after a through reclamation effort aided by the United nations, Borobudur was dedicated a national monument of Indonesia after more than 1100 years since it was built. In 1991, it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Thousand Temples of Prambanan
In the village of Prambanan in Central Java are ruins of a Hindu temple complex dating as far back as the eight and 10th centuries. Known as Prambanan temple Compound. It’s the largest religious complex in Indonesia dedicated to Shiva. Standing at the center of a concentric square are three temples with bas-reliefs depicting the epic of Ramayana, and dedicated to the three great Hindu gods, Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. The remains of this enormous complex of a “thousand temples” built during the Saleindra dynasty of Mid-800 AD is one magnificent find in a landscape dotted by stone temples of all sizes.In 1991, Prambanan was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List.
The Village Temples of Bali
Famous for its epic dances, arts and crafts and recently for its pristine beaches and world class resorts, the southern Indonesian island of Bali has been deeply enmeshed in religion for centuries. Although dominantly Muslim, it has long standing tradition and a strong presence of Hinduism and Buddhism. In fact, places of worship are aplenty, and temples are found without fail in every village.
MALAYSIA
Getting a Whiff of Malaysia’s Cosmopolitan Air
During the last few decades, as Malaysia’s economy progressed at a steady pace, the capital city of Kuala Lumpur has become an icon for development and a source of envy for many urban sprawls around the globe. it became a city of concord between the old and new, and an orchestra of cultures and faiths. Looming over century-old structures, like the Moorish-designed Sultan Abdul Samad building near Merdeka Square, are litanies of modern high-risers, all radiant in glass, concrete and steel–just like those in New York and Shanghai. The Menara Kuala Lumpur, the KL Tower at Bukit Nanas, and the tallest twin towers on earth the Petronas Towers are all testimonies of Malaysia’s economic strength and KL’s consequent arrival in the universal front line.
Malaysia as a whole is one big success story. The 75-kilometer stretch from Kuala Lumpur International Airport to KL Sentral is a paragon of ultimate transformation from a third world country to a modern metropolis. It passes through the “intelligent city”of Putrajaya, and show cases eight signature bridges reflecting local customs, but using cutting edge engineering technologies. Amid the hustle and bustle associated with big cities, KL streets are safe and neat, even during the evenings. The public transportation system is efficient and reliable to the dot. Restaurants, coffeehouses and bars are aplenty, accessible and assigned properly in well-lit and secured street.
PHILIPPINES
Exploring Banaue’s Highlands to Tubbataha’s Deep Waters
The islands of the Philippines–all 7107 of them have enough charm and mystique to entice the adventurer and inspire the romantic. Set in the fringes of the Pacific and cuddled by the tropics is a year round of sun and fun in the beaches and an endless venture in the wilderness. Endowed by nature with so much wonder, the islands quarter unexplored mountain fastness, rainforest and swift streams. With landscapes contoured by the forces of nature and colored by time, nothing can be more fascinating than experiencing the islands’ most valued possessions. The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park and theTubbataha Reef Marine Park, both in the island of Palawan, are simply stunning as natural wonders and were both declared UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Fauna are mostly endemic to their chosen habitats in this archipelago. The vegetation, as well, is imposing: nurtured by forest precipitations and emphasized by the presence of some of the world’s rarest plants and flowers. Agriculture is also a source of amazement in the Cordilleras. The Ifugaos carved the mountainside thousands of years ago to create the World Heritage Site, Banaue Rice Terraces.
Across the country are towns and cities of characters and style-shaped by local traditions and influenced by colonial pasts. Amidst the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Vigan, Ilocos Sur and Silay City in Negros Occidental are citadels of history.
The centuries-old churches dotting the countryside make a people strengthened by faith. Foremost are the baroque churches of San Agustin in Manila, La Asuncion in Sta. Maria, Ilocos Sur, San Agustin in Paoay, Ilocos Norte and Santo Tomas in Miag-ao, Iloilo–all of which were included in the World Heritage List. As a people toughened by industry and sweetened by camaraderie, the Filipinos–with cultures anchored on faith and gratitude–always have a reason to celebrate. Hence, be certain that on any given day, there is a festival somewhere in the islands.
SINGAPORE
The Merlion
Singapore is a city of diversity and contrast. It’s inimitable in the strictest sense of the world. A Christian Church, Hindu temple, Islamic mosque, or Chinese temple can be found in a single block, and can be visited in one sweep. Crossing the Singapore reveals a great divide between amalgamations of sleek skyscrapers and timeworn edifices of a former colonial outpost. An immersion to its animal reserves gives you a glimpse of the tame and wild, the winged and gilled, and the nocturnal and diurnal. A day tour around the city journeys through cultures, places and time.
Singapore is an attraction town. its evolution is geared towards tourism. riches of its past are well preserved in sites–like the Daoist Thian Kock Keng, Armenian Chruch, Sri Veeramakaliamman and Cavenagh Bridge–and in numerous museums with art, history, Asian civilization, river tales, philatelic, science and war exhibits. While holding to its heritage, Singapore is more famous for its modern image–high rise buildings, party places and hi-tech destinations. State-of-the-art structures, like The Esplanade along the water front, are sources of indescribable awe. This durian-inspired dome of galleries and theaters regularly presents world-class art exhibits and shows.
A shopping paradise for luxury, ethnic and bargain products, Singapore has one of the highest retail spaces per square mile in the world. They have extra-huge malls, colorful arcades and outdoor markets street after street, from Bugis Village to Little India and Chinatown.
If there’s one icon Singapore is most remembered for, it’s the mythical Merlion standing guard over the Singapore River, with water spurting from its mouth into the harbor. Just like the city it protects, this mermaid with a head of a lion is created by a fusion brought together by its people–to get the best out of the many civilizations, ethnicity and traditions conveyed in the country and shared harmoniously by everyone.
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MYANMAR
Revisiting Myanmar’s Ancient Kingdom
Myanmar has always been a fascination. It’s a land enriched by exotic stories and tales. A wave of people from China and Tibet followed the Irrawaddy River downstream to build communities and kingdom across Irrawaddy-Sitang Delta as early as 300 BC. First it was the Mon. Then, the Pyu. Eventually the Burmans, a people ethnically
related to Tibetans and Chinese, exerted dominance over the other tribes and established in 1044 a unified Pagan Kingdom under the leadership of Buddhist King Anawratha, with the city of Pagan as capital.
The city of Pagan flourished immensely, as it became the core of Theravada Buddhism in the whole region. In more than the two centuries following the institution of the Pagan, tens of thousand s of Buddhist monasteries and pagodas are built within and around the city of Pagan alone, not counting the thousands more in other key cities, like Mandalay and Yangon, the present capital. However, the glory of this kingdom came to an end in 1287 when Mongols under Kublai Khan attacked and conquered Pagan. Many of the Monasteries and pagodas disintegrated under the elements. However, the world still has so much to be thankful for, as there are still 5000 more of them still standing elegantly and valiantly in the open plains of Pagan, including the enigmatic temple complex of Ananda and the massive Thatbyinnyu.
One exotic story about the grandeur of Myanmar came to a view point of a conquering force–the famous European explorer Marco Polo, who traveled to Pagan in1287 as a diplomat of the Khan court. Polo said, “The towers are built of fine stone; and one of them has been covered with gold, a good finger in thickness, so that the tower looks as if it were all solid gold. Really, they do form one of the finest sights in the world. When they are lit up by the sun, they shine brilliantly and are visible from a far distance.”
BRUNEI
Kampong Ayer:Â A Village Where the River Flows
For over 1300 years, the Brunei River– not on thew banks but on the water itself–is home to a significant number of Brunei inhabitants. As of the moment, there are 30,000 people residing in the village–1/10 of the entire population of Brunei. The Water Village, or Kampong Ayer, in Bahasa Malay is culturally important to the sultanate, as it’s continuance of it’s people’s provenance on river dwelling. It was, and still is, one of the most important centers for commerce and trade on the island. In fact it was even referred to as “Venice of the East” by Antonio Pigaffeta, a chronicler in Magellan’s expedition, when the fleet docked for refitting and re-supply in 1521.
It’s largest and most famous water settlement in Southeast Asia, with over 4000 buildings, including residential houses, mosques, schools, shops, restaurants and a hospital all standing on stilts above the Brunei River. It has maintained an architectural heritage of wooden homes with excessively decorated interiors. Some 40 kilometers of boardwalks intersect the structures. Long wooden speed boats serve as private water taxis, and transport residents to the mainland of Bandar Seri Begawan.
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque
A perfect example of modern Islamic architecture, the Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque is Brunei’s most recognizable landmarks and foremost tourist attraction. Built in 1958 on a man-made lagoon near the banks of Brunei River, it has a huge dome covered with pure gold. Its 171-foot tall minaret can practically be seen from the capital city of Bendar Seri Begawan. A huge stone replica of a 16th century barge used for traditional ceremonies is docked in the Brunei River fronting the mosque. A marble bridge links the two structures.
The royal mosque was named after the 28th sultan of Brunei, and is regarded one of the most impressive mosques in the Asia-Pacific region. It was designed by an Italian architect incorporating Renaissance and Islamic styles never seen in Islamic mosques around the world. The impeccable blending of old and new resulted in an extremely elegant structure with world-class materials used, like Italian marbles, Chinese granite, European chandeliers, and Arabic carpets, as well as state-of-the-art facilities, like a British high-speed lift for the main minaret’s viewing deck.
